Christianity shaped Europe and Europe shaped Christianity until the Enlightenment broke of from earlier institutions and dogmas. Was this to eliminate them or to bring them to a better realization? The relationship of Modernity to Christianity has been interpreted in different ways: as an alternative. as a better realization or as a secularized continuation. Looking to the future, can Christianity exist without Europe, an can Europe exist without Chistianity? After listing what are the values and undeniable achievements of Christianity, without (...) wich Europe would cease to be what it has been, the author highlights the contribution of Christianity to a new use of reason, and he concludes with a reflection on the relationship between Christianity and his-tory (continuity-innovation, sinking-rebirth). (shrink)

The aim of this research was to delimit the predictive and mediational model of resilience between character strengths to predict flourishing, in a sample of undergraduate students. After signing their informed consent, 642 university students completed three validated scales. Using an ex post facto design, regression, structural modeling, and mediation analyses were carried out, in order to construct a multi-causal predictive model. Results indicated a consistent predictive direct effect of character strengths on resilience and flourishing and of resilience on flourishing. (...) As hypothesized, resilience also showed a mediating effect on the relationship between character strengths and flourishing. Additionally, results also revealed that the reactive and proactive factors of resilience were explained by different character strengths, reinforcing the idea that the two directions are complementary and necessary. Finally, several implications were established for the practice of positive psychology. (shrink)

Mary Gentile’s Giving Voice to Values presents an approach to ethics training based on the idea that most people would like to provide input in times of ethical conflict using their own values. She maintains that people recognize the lapses in organizational ethical judgment and behavior, but they do not have the courage to step up and voice their values to prevent the misconduct. Gentile has developed a successful initiative and following based on encouraging students and employees to learn how (...) to engage in communication or action to express their values within an organization’s formal and informal value system. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the Giving Voice to Values approach to empowering the individual to take action to deal with lapses in organizational ethics. We examine the role of Giving Voice to Values in business ethics education, considerations for implementing GVV, and recommendations for business educators and corporate ethics officers. We conclude that while GVV is an effective tool, it is not a comprehensive or holistic approach to ethics education and organizational ethics programs. (shrink)

We report a scanning tunnelling microscopy investigation of the emission of dislocations around nanoindentations in the form of dislocation arrangements previously called hillocks , consisting of two pairs of Shockley partial dislocations, each encompassing a stacking fault. The spatial arrangement and size distribution of hillocks around the nanoindentation traces are studied. We show that standard dislocation theory for an isotropic continuum can be used to describe the stability of the hillocks, their size and spatial distribution and the broadening of the (...) corresponding extended dislocations near the surface. A model is proposed in which hillocks originate from the split into dislocations partials of primary perfect dislocation loops punched into the crystal by the scanning tunnelling microscope tip. This model implies the operation of a novel dislocation mechanism involving long-range transport of matter across the surface. (shrink)

This book is a rich blend of analyses by leading experts from various cultures and disciplines. A compact introduction to a complex field, it illustrates biotechnology's profound impact upon the environment and society. Moreover, it underscores the vital relevance of cultural values. This book empowers readers to more critically assess biotechnology's value and effectiveness within both specific cultural and global contexts.

Problematizamos o conceito de informação, sob a perspectiva da Linguística Sociocognitiva, em especial da teoria da metáfora conceptual e da teoria dos frames semânticos, a fim de verificar se a terminologia predominante da Ciência da Informação (CI) é próxima do “senso comum”, como querem alguns autores da área. De fato, pudemos descrever o esquema cognitivo em que o conceito de informação é produtivo. Identificamos um componente da metáfora do canal, a metáfora INFORMAÇÃO É CONTEÚDO, capaz de confirmar a suspeita dos (...) epistemólogos da CI e ir além: ela revela uma maneira mecânica de “falar sobre comunicação” que é de um “senso comum” desde há muitos séculos. Qual “senso comum”? Argumentando que a metáfora INFORMAÇÃO É CONTEÚDO faz mais sentido no contexto da comunicação escrita do que na falada, sugerimos uma revisão crítica dos efeitos que o letramento em massa aos seis anos poderia estar provocando na mentalidade ocidental: ao valorizar a escrita, tecnologia fundamental para a sustentabilidade das “sociedades da informação”, estaremos negligenciando a oralidade e, em consequência, negando nossa humanidade? THE COMMONSENSE OF INFORMATION: TEMPESTIVE QUESTIONSAbstractWe problematize the concept of information, from the perspective of socio-cognitive linguistics, especially that from the conceptual metaphor and semantic frames theories, in order to check whether the prevailing terminology of the Information Science (IS) is close to the “commonsense”, as some authors whish. In fact, we describe a cognitive scheme in which the concept of information is productive. A component of the conduit metaphor, INFORMATION IS CONTENT, seems to confirm the suspicion of IS epistemologists and more: it reveals a mechanical way to “speek about communication” that is a “commonsense” for centuries. Which “commonsense”? Arguing that the metaphor INFORMATION IS CONTENT makes more sense in the context of written language than in spoken one, we suggest a critical review of the effects that mass literacy at age six could be causing in Western mind: giving prestige to the writing language, a key technology for the sustainability of “information societies”, are we neglecting orality and therefore denying our humanity? (shrink)

O presente estudo se propõe analisar como a produção de conhecimento, em dois periódicos locais em Duque de Caxias: a Revista Hidra de Igoassú e a Revista Pilares da História, abordam a temática das culturas afro brasileiras. Assim, o objetivo é identificar como os agentes de produções estão conectadas as agências na cidade de Duque de Caxias e como articulam as produções para projetação e divulgação de ações patrimoniais na cidade. Palavras-chave: Baixada Fluminense, Culturas afro brasileiras, História Local.

En 2015, la ONU aprobó 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) integrados en la Agenda 2030. Siguiendo esta línea, y dada su relevancia, las universidades europeas están integrando el desarrollo sostenible en sus planes de estudio. El objetivo de esta propuesta consistirá en desarrollar una experiencia piloto donde nuestros estudiantes a través del aprendizaje cooperativo formen equipos de trabajo agrupados según el test Riso-Hudson (1999) garantice el máximo rendimiento. Como resultado se ofrecerá una medida de la rentabilidad que aporta la (...) incorporación de la sostenibilidad en los proyectos de inversión empresariales a la par que la creación de valor sostenible. (shrink)

Negli studi sul pensiero medievale la questione delle filosofie francescane si presenta come controversa a proposito della definizione di una essenza del pensiero francescano – in relazione alla figura di Francesco d’Assisi –, di temi di riflessione specifici e del rapporto con le tradizioni filosofiche precedenti.Si tratta di un francescanesimo controverso pure all’interno di una stessa tradizione storiografica, come quella Neoscolastica, in cui studiosi come Gilson, Vignaux e Boehner ne hanno sottolineato il carattere prevalentemente agostiniano o aristotelico.Partendo dalla consapevolezza della (...) problematicità della questione, il saggio si sofferma sui possibili caratteri comuni delle teorie della conoscenza in alcuni pensatori francescani tra XIII e XIV secolo, come Pietro Giovanni Olivi e Pietro Aureolo, a partire dai concetti di conversio, intentio e reflexio e dal loro rapporto con la tradizione agostiniana.Si delineano così teorie della conoscenza che privilegiano l’attività e l’immediatezza del conoscere, sia per la conoscenza diretta sia per quella riflessa.Infine, tali caratteri si possono cogliere pure in un autore non francescano ma secolare come Nicola di Autrecourt, la cui teoria della conoscenza ha fatto parlare di un internalismo vicino a quello delle correnti francescane del XIV secolo. In conclusione, se da una parte non si può ipostatizzare l’idea di caratteri comuni del pensiero francescano, dall’altra si può forse parlare di un comune universo discorsivo in cui la figura di Francesco d’Assisi mostra la propria portata filosofica nella storia. In the History of Medieval Philosophy’s studies, the question of Franciscan philosophies has been the subject of controversy concerning the definition of an essence of Franciscan thought, about the relationship with Francesco d’Assisi, of specific topics of reflection and relationship with the previous philosophical traditions.It is a controversial Franciscanism even within the same historiographical tradition, such as the Neo-Scholastic one, in which scholars such as Gilson, Vignaux and Boehner have emphasised its predominantly Augustinian or Aristotelian character.Starting from the awareness of the problematic nature of the issue, the essay focuses on the possible common peculiarities of the theories of knowledge in some Franciscan thinkers between the 13th and 14th centuries, such as Pietro Giovanni Olivi and Pietro Aureolo, starting from the concepts of conversio, intentio, reflexio and their relationship with the Augustinian tradition.Thus the theories of knowledge are delineated which privilege the activity and the immediacy of knowing, both for direct and reflected knowledge.Finally, these features can also be grasped in a non-Franciscan but secular author like Nicola di Autrecourt, whose theory of knowledge has made mention of a type of internalism close to that of the 14th century Franciscan movement. Therefore, in conclusion, while on the one hand the idea of common particularities of Franciscan thought can not be hypostatised, on the other hand we can perhaps speak of a common discursive universe in which the figure of Francesco d’Assisi shows his philosophical significance in history. (shrink)

Es dentro del marco de la fenomenología de Husserl donde Heidegger lleva a cabo su propuesta filosófica, que implica una “destrucción” o “desmontaje” de los conceptos de la tradición, comenzando por los de la fenomenología de su maestro, y una construcción de su propio proyecto filosófico, basado en una analítica de la existencia.La “destrucción” es prácticamente elevada por Heidegger al rango de método filosófico, en paralelo pero en sentido contrario a la epoché, el método fenomenológico de Husserl. Esta diferencia de (...) método, respecto a una común consideración de la intencionalidad de la conciencia, separa los proyectos fenomenológicos del Husserl de Ideen I y del Heidegger de Sein und Zeit: eidético u ontológico. A partir de su método destructivo Heidegger radicalizará las nociones de la fenomenología de Husserl.Within the framework of the phenomenology of Husserl, Heidegger carries out a double philosophical proposal: the “destruction” or “dismantling” of the concepts from the tradition, beginning with those ones of the phenomenology of his teacher, and the construction of his own philosophical project, based on an analysis of the existence.The “destruction” is practically considered by Heidegger as a philosophical method, which is developed in parallel but in a contrary direction to the phenomenological method of Husserl: the epoché. This methodological difference, applied to the intentionality of the consciousness, that the two philosophers consider, separates the phenomenological projects of Husserl in Ideen I and Heidegger in Sein und Zeit: eidetic or ontological. So and from his destructive method Heidegger is going to radicalize the main notions of the phenomenology of Husserl. (shrink)

This paper deepens the knowledge of the hospital and brotherhood of the Resurrection, founded by the moriscos of the Albaicín. Using unreleased documentation from the Historical Archive of Protocols of Granada, the General Archive of Simancas and the Archive of the Alhambra, among others, it traces the history of this institution, so unique, yet relatively unknown, despite its influence in the realm of Granada and its supposed participation in the 1568 rebellion. Special attention is paid to the social profile of (...) the brotherhood members, also mostly members of the group known as “the rich men of the Albaicín”. (shrink)

O presente artigo apresenta um relato de experiência das ações extensionistas promovidas no ano de 2021 pelo Núcleo de Estudos Afro-brasileiros e Indígenas (NEABI) do Campus Ibirama da Instituto Federal Catarinense. Devido ao contexto de pandemia de COVID-19, que perdurou durante quase todo o ano letivo de 2021, as atividades do Núcleo precisaram ser adaptadas para que ocorressem em ambientes virtuais. Apesar desta adequação forçada, que limitou em grande medida a diversidade das ações, foi possível identificar tanto o promissor potencial (...) do NEABI quanto os desafios a serem superados para que a temática étnico-racial seja definitivamente incluída nos espaços institucionais e passe a fazer parte do cotidiano da comunidade escolar. (shrink)

RESUMEN La trayectoria fijada en este artículo busca explorar una geografía mental o atmósfera ambiente donde el encuentro y relevo entre imaginarios singulares permita trazar una nueva cartografía en la que pensamiento crítico y decolonialidad converjan hacia un horizonte común. Por lo tanto, daré nuevo curso al tránsito que conduce de una razón insular a una razón archipiélica, explorando y rastreando la imagen de la isla emergente en diversos textos filosóficos y en ensayos sobre el Caribe. El itinerario trazado parte (...) de "la isla del entendimiento" en la Crítica de la razón pura, pasando por La Atlántida y La nueva Atlántida, retoma su rumbo hacia "La isla desierta" y La isla que se repite, para acostar finalmente sobre La isla encallada. ABSTRACT This article embarks upon a new journey that explores a mental geography or ambient atmosphere, where the encounter and relief amongst singular imaginaries allows one to trace a new cartography, one in which critical and decolonial thought may converge in a common horizon. Thus, undertaking anew the transit that leads from an insular reason to an archipelagic reason, by tracing the forms taken by the image of the island in different texts, is proposed. Accordingly, our point of departure will be the "island of understanding" in the Critique of Pure Reason, we will pass swiftly through Atlantis and The New Atlantis, then we will move on to "the desert island" and The island that repeats itself to finally land on The stranded island. (shrink)

Il saggio affronta la questione se nel pensiero di Giovanni di Salisbury sia presente un pensiero mistico e quella di quali siano le relazioni con la sua teoria della conoscenza. Il pulchrum rappresenta uno dei temi tramite cui è possibile riflettere su tale questione, poiché problematizza il rapporto tra umano e divino, tra immanente e trascendente, su più livelli del discorso salisburiano. All’interno del generale atteggiamento scettico dell’autore, il pulchrum si articola nelle dimensioni dell’armonia musicale cosmica e umana, come proportio (...) o venustas; dei criteri di misura, numero e peso con cui Dio crea e che sono indici della sua ineffabilità in senso dionisiano; dell’armonia tra forma e contenuto proprie della retorica e della poesia; infine dell’ordine proporzionale che regola non solo il cosmo, ma anche la res publica. Il saggio conclude individuando un atteggiamento mistico, che non è propriamente pensiero mistico, nei momenti in cui maggiormente emergono gli aspetti di ispirazione dionisiana. The essay concerns the question of the possibility of mystical thought in the reflection of John of Salisbury and that of what is the relationship with his theory of knowledge. The pulchrum represents one of the themes through which one can approach this issue, because proves problematic the relationship between human being and God, immanent and transcendent, on multiple levels of John’s thought. Into his general sceptical attitude, the pulchrum is articulated in some dimensions of the musical harmony, both cosmic and human, such as proportio or venustas. In addition, it is understood as measure, number and weight with which God creates and that are signs of his ineffability in a Dionysian meaning. The concept of beauty is also related to the relationship between form and content concerning both rhetoric and poetry. Finally, it concerns the proportional order that regulates not only the cosmos, but also the res publica, in the moments in which the aspects of Dionysian derivation mainly emerge. (shrink)

La creatividad artística, específica dimensión de la libre autoactividad del individuo pero también de alcance social o institucional, es contemplada jurídicamente como una manifestación de la libertad de expresión. En este artículo se intenta determinar cuándo, cómo y bajo qué circunstancias la libertad de creación artística puede y debe ser limitada. Se analizan diversas experiencias litigiosas resueltas por los Tribunales internacionales de Europa e Iberoamérica , de acuerdo con principios procedimentales de cobertura legal, finalidad legítimo y necesidad en una sociedad (...) democrática y proporcionalidad, desde la elaboración jurisprudencial de conceptos y apreciaciones como “la protección del derecho de otros” y “el razonable equilibrio de sacrifi cios”. Asimismo con relación a la interferencia de parámetros extrasistemáticos, políticamente o religiosamente correctos , limitadores de facto de la libertad de expresión artística.The artistic creativity, specifi c dimension of the free individual selfactivity but also of social or institutional reach, is regarded legally as a manifestation of freedom of expression. In this article tries to determine when, how and under what circumstances freedom of artistic creativity can and must be limited. Diverse litigious experiences solved by the international Courts of Europe and Ibero-America are analyzed, in agreement with the procedural principles of legal cover, legitimate purpose and necessity in a democratic society and proportionality, from the jurisprudential elaboration of concepts and appreciations like “the protection of the right of others”, “the intensity, gravity or gratuitous character of the offense” and “the reasonable balance of sacrifices”. Also with relation to the interference of politically or religiously correct extra-systematic parameters , limitors of facto of the freedom of artistic expression. (shrink)

The Venezuelan migration crisis has displaced over six million people and is the Americas’ largest forced migration. Nearby countries have received the majority of the displaced and initially showed an impressive welcome to Venezuelans, regardless of whether they may be considered migrants, asylum seekers, or refugees. However, host country responses have mainly been uncoordinated, siloed, and impromptu. This paper examines the solidarities and tensions within the individual country responses of Venezuela’s closest Latin American and Andean neighbors: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, (...) and Brazil. The number of displaced people leaving Venezuela has steadily increased since 2015 yet limited long term-planning and inclusion of migrants in host communities has led to a growth in xenophobia. Additionally, many Latin American host nations have erected new barriers that make legal entry or residency forms more difficult for migrants to obtain. The COVID-19 pandemic has compounded these issues as host countries grapple with supporting and offering resources to their citizens in addition to migrants. However, some promising regional solutions could be applied in a more coordinated regional approach to help ensure that host countries and IOs supporting them can better extend enduring solidarity and inclusion to Venezuelans. These solutions include longer-term visa options, such as the new Colombian 10-year visa, that can help regularize and include Venezuelans over a prolonged period. A particularly recommended approach would be the regional application of an inventive Latin America humanitarian-orientated accord, the Cartagena Declaration, a forward-thinking concept with a potential that has never been realized. The Cartagena Declaration could offer more comprehensive protection and fairer access to rights beyond temporary measures. (shrink)

El objeto de esta nota es examinar la noción poliana de sentido transversal del carácter de además, que quizá se enuncie mejor como vuelta del carácter de además a su punto de partida, a fin de corregir algún error que aparece en el escrito de Polo “Los hábitos innatos”, recientemente publicado.

Los primeros filósofos fueron muy conscientes de la novedad que introdujeron en la forma de relacionarse con el mundo, a saber, un cambio en la mirada que se alejó de lo próximo e inmediato, para dirigirse contemplativamente hacia el todo. Del predominio que la visión tenía en la lengua griega, surgieron términos y metáforas como la de la ceguera de los mortales, que no sólo ilustran el contraste entre el modo de vida cotidiano y el filosófico, sino que también lo (...) dramatizan como la vieja anécdota sobre Tales. ¿Por qué, tanto ayer como hoy el filósofo es motivo de risa para la mayoría, mientras a sí mismo, se considera más bien objeto de la envidia de los dioses? (shrink)

The objectives of this study were to develop a high-density chromosome bin map of homoeologous group 7 in hexaploid wheat, to identify gene distribution in these chromosomes, and to perform comparative studies of wheat with rice and barley. We mapped 2148 loci from 919 EST clones onto group 7 chromosomes of wheat. In the majority of cases the numbers of loci were significantly lower in the centromeric regions and tended to increase in the distal regions. The level of duplicated loci (...) in this group was 24% with most of these loci being localized toward the distal regions. One hundred nineteen EST probes that hybridized to three fragments and mapped to the three group 7 chromosomes were designated landmark probes and were used to construct a consensus homoeologous group 7 map. An additional 49 probes that mapped to 7AS, 7DS, and the ancestral translocated segment involving 7BS also were designated landmarks. Landmark probe orders and comparative maps of wheat, rice, and barley were produced on the basis of corresponding rice BAC/PAC and genetic markers that mapped on chromosomes 6 and 8 of rice. Identification of landmark ESTs and development of consensus maps may provide a framework of conserved coding regions predating the evolution of wheat genomes. (shrink)

EspañolEl libro de Lucy conecta magistralmente las tesis jurídicas y filosóficas en discusión con un sólido conocimiento de las áreas doctrinales, mostrando cómo las reivindicaciones presentadas inciden en los problemas reales y urgentes que enfrenta la práctica jurídica. El libro también proporciona una discusión refrescantemente amplia de algunos valores jurídicos fundamentales.InglésLucy’s book stands out as an exception to this state of affairs in that it masterfully connects the legal and philosophical theses under discussion with a solid knowledge of doctrinal areas, (...) showing how the claims advanced bear on the real, pressing, problems facing legal practice. The book also departs from the ‘you’d better know a lot about a little’ kind of approach that is characteristic of analytic philosophy of law and provides a refreshingly broad discussion of some fundamental legal values.FrancésLe livre de Lucy relie magistralement les thèses juridiques et philosophiques en discussion à une solide connaissance des domaines doctrinaux, en montrant comment les revendications présentées affectent les problèmes réels et urgents auxquels la pratique juridique est confrontée. Le livre propose également une discussion complète et rafraîchissante de certaines valeurs juridiques fondamentales.PortuguésO livro do Lucy conecta com maestria as teses jurídicas e filosóficas em discussão com um sólido conhecimento das áreas doutrinárias, mostrando como as reivindicações apresentadas afetam os problemas reais e urgentes da prática jurídica. O livro também oferece uma discussão refrescantemente abrangente de alguns valores jurídicos essenciais.ChinoLucy的书巧妙地将典型领域正在讨论的法律和哲学论断与该领域的共识联系起来，显示出索赔申请如何影响法律实践中所面临的现实和紧急问题。 该书还提供了一些核心法律价值的令人耳目一新的全面讨论。. (shrink)

Partiendo de una serie de casos-ejemplo de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires de los últimos 30 años, nos proponemos mostrar que, de manera dominante, el reconocimiento público de la legitimidad y necesidad de una “puesta en valor” o de una “reactivación patrimonial” no depende tanto del valor que pueda otorgarse a un edificio, a una zona o a una institución, en función de alguna de sus cualidades intrínsecas, sino que radica en la eficacia que esa patrimonialización posea en la construcción (...) de una imagen de lugar o de barrio “atractivo”, “auténtico”, y en la intensificación de la ampliación de circuitos de consumos turísticos, culturales e inmobiliarios. El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar cómo este reconocimiento y esta duración de la atribución de valor patrimonial se sustentan en el hecho de que la puesta de relieve de esos rasgos de autenticidad e identidad logre entramarse con procesos más amplios de recualificación del área en que se emplazan. Como veremos, en algunos casos, los procesos de patrimonialización operan como punta de lanza de dichas recualificaciones; en otros, como refuerzos. Para ello se presentan algunos casos de lugares, áreas y prácticas que resultaron “exitosos” en los términos planteados, es decir, que fueron públicamente reconocidos como “patrimonio” aun independientemente de sus cualidades históricas o culturales y que lograron durar en el tiempo de la mano de su propia revalorización económica o de su impacto simbólico sobre el área circundante. A modo de contraejemplo, luego se presentan otros casos que, a pesar de poseer algunas características que los harían susceptibles de ser reconocidos públicamente como “patrimonio” (antigüedad, reconocimiento comunitario de su carácter significativo, entre otros), fueron invisibilizados, destruidos o transformados sin apelar a su condición patrimonial, en el marco de otras dinámicas o temporalidades de recualificación urbana. (shrink)

The objective of this research is to identify the main weaknesses of corporate social responsibility in the textile sector and to propose procedures that help to overcome them. We start from the assumption that the asymmetries and necessary relationships generated to manufacture textile garments in the international context are not attributable to a single circumstance. Equally, it is reasonable to assume that the solutions to these asymmetries are affected by the identification and transversality of such circumstances. The present research was (...) carried out by gathering the opinions and solutions of participants in a Delphi analysis to uncover the critical points and vulnerabilities of the sector. The weaknesses of the sector were then identified following the analysis of responses from two expert panels to two multidisciplinary questionnaires, the questions for which were developed from the stated hypotheses.El objetivo de esta investigación es detectar las principales debilidades del sector textil en relación con la responsabilidad social empresarial y proponer medidas que contribuyan a superarlas. Partimos de que las asimetrías y relaciones generadas necesarias para fabricar prendas textiles en el contexto internacional no son imputables a una sola circunstancia. Es igualmente entendible que sus soluciones pasen por la identificación y la transversalidad de dichas circunstancias. En la presente investigación, lo llevamos a cabo mediante la de la recolección de opiniones y soluciones expresadas por diferentes participantes, y a través de un análisis Delphi, para conocer cuáles son los puntos críticos y vulnerabilidades del sector, y la posterior identificación de sus debilidades tras el análisis de las respuestas de dos paneles de expertos a dos cuestionarios multidisciplinares con preguntas desarrolladas sobre las hipótesis planteadas. (shrink)

Se reflexiona sobre las fuentes de la normatividad según el neokantismo contempo ráneo que ha dividido a los neokantianos en realistas y constructivistas. Se analiza el kantismo constructivista de Christine Korsgaard, para mostrar sus alcances y li mitaciones, y se propone como alternativa fundar la normatividad en la sola idea de libertad, en cuanto valor interno o absoluto no normativo, como la entiende Kant. Esta propuesta que permite esbozar las líneas de un neokantismo que articule los modelos constructivistas y realistas (...) a partir de la sola idea de libertad. (shrink)

I n th e inte r na l histo r y o f Zapatism o th e mos t remarka b l e featur e i s th e symbiotic proces s w hic h occur s bet w ee n th e Zapatist a gue r rilla s i n th e mountain s o f Chiapa s an d the indigenou s peopl e i n th e communities . Th e fo r me r g i v (...) e milita r y inst r uctio n t o th e latte r , w hil e sl o w ly adoptin g thei r v alue s an d ideol o g y . I n th e en d , bot h fo r m a n ew milita r y o r ganization , th e Zapatist a A r m y o f Nationa l Liberation . Thi s a r m y i s uniqu e compared wit h othe r milita r y o r ganizations , a s i t act s on ly defens i v e ly t o protec t indigenou s rights an d i t i s no t a n independenc e m o v ement , autonomou s i n it s functioning , l e gitimat e and l e gal , wit h a hig h representatio n o f w ome n ( w h o especial ly singl e ou t thi s o r ganization), mad e u p o f socia l suppo r t base s an d a traine d an d discipline d militia , strong ly suppo r ted by c i vi l societ y , h a vin g a radica l leftis t ideol o g y , w hic h remain s i n constan t rebellio n and resistanc e t o pressure s fro m th e authorities , th e M e xica n a r m y an d paramilitaries. (shrink)

Este breve texto esboça algumas ideias básicas da Filosofia Ecológica, enfatizando a importância e o valor de tais idéias para o estudo da mente e da consciência. Estas considerações levam à formação de uma abordagem ecológica, e o que, aqui, denomino Filosofia Ecológica. Em particular, a Filosofia Ecológica oferece uma saída às confusões e contradições que são comuns ao pensamento acadêmico dominante no que se refere à mente e à consciência.

This paper seeks to highlight the various interpretations that, before the Second Council of Constantinople, many Latin Church Fathers gave on several metaphorical expressions, such as “God’s temple,” “sanctuary,” “tabernacle,” “ark,” and other similar terms referring to spaces or containers reserved for deity. To address this issue, the author of this article structures his methodology on three strategies: the first consists in a profound tracking in Patristic and theological sources to detect some relevant statements by conspicuous Christian masters on the (...) subject; through the second, he analyzes intra-textually each found Patristic assertions to decipher the doctrinal interpretation that every Christian writer brings about such metaphors; by the third methodological strategy, he intertextually relates all these texts, and authors through a comparative analysis to highlight their possible concordances or discrepan- cies. Resumen Este artículo busca resaltar las diversas interpretaciones que, antes del Segundo Concilio de Constantinopla, muchos Padres de la Iglesia Latina dieron sobre varias expresiones metafóricas, como “templo de Dios”, “santuario”, “tabernáculo”, “arca”,y otros términos similares referidos a espacios o contenedores reservados a la divinidad. Para abordar este tema, el autor del presente artículo estructura su metodología en tres estrategias fundamentales: el primer paso consiste en un seguimiento sistemático y profundo en fuentes patrísticas y teológicas para detectar declaraciones relevantes de conspicuos maestros de la doctrina cristiana sobre el tema; a través del segundo procedimiento, analiza intra- textualmente cada una de las afirmaciones patrísticas encontradas para descifrar la interpretación doctrinal que cada escritor cristiano aporta sobre tales metáforas; mediante la tercera y conclusiva estra tegia metodológica, el autor relaciona intertextualmente todos estos textos y pensadores a través de un análisis comparativo para resaltar sus posibles concordias o discrepancias. (shrink)

La principal preocupación ética en una sociedad tecnocientífica es la responsabilidad con la que se manipula el ambiente y las consecuencias que este desate ante un trato desmesurado o despreocupado. Hans Jonas apuesta a favor de la libertad de nuestras acciones como principal eje con el que nos relacionamos responsablemente con el mundo. En el siguiente artículo discutiremos sobre el poder y el deber humano bajo la lupa de la responsabilidad, y en definitiva, sobre la revalorización ontológica de la Naturaleza (...) y la preservación del ser en este nuevo horizonte ético que fundamenta Jonas como el nuevo corazón de la ética del futuro. Algunas de las preguntas clave serán: ¿qué ocurre con el pronóstico de las consecuencias de una acción para la humanidad y para con la Naturaleza? ¿qué es y de qué forma hablamos de la responsabilidad? ¿cuántos errores y pruebas podemos permitirnos en una cadena de eventos tecnológicos donde está en juego el futuro de la humanidad y su dignidad como condición imprescindible? (shrink)

Todos los seres vivos escribimos y una escritura inspira otra escritura. El cuento de Ursula K Le Guin (1987) “The Author of the Acacia Seeds and other Extracts from the Journal of the Association of Therolinguistics” (1974) está en el origen de estos relatos de anticipación. Anticipación no es aquí sinónimo de impaciencia, sino de previsión: estos relatos se adelantan y nos cuentan lo que nos espera en el camino. Y también lo que ya no nos va a esperar porque (...) desapareció. O, más preciso, lo hicimos desaparecer. De la extinción de las especies solo nos espera la extinción, no las especies. (shrink)

In a variety of synaesthesia, photisms result from affect-laden stimuli as emotional words, or faces of familiar people. For R, who participated in this study, the sight of a familiar person triggers a mental image of "a human silhouette filled with colour". Subjective descriptions of synaesthetic experiences induced by the visual perception of people's figures and faces show similarities with the reports of those who claim to possess the ability to see the aura. It has been proposed that the purported (...) auric perception may be easily explained by the presence of a specific subtype of cross-modal perception. We analyse the subjective reports of four synaesthetes who experience colours in response to human faces and figures. These reports are compared with descriptions of alleged auric phenomena found in the literature and with claims made by experts in esoteric spheres. The discrepancies found suggest that both phenomena are phenomenologically and behaviourally dissimilar. (shrink)

En este artículo se examinan las referencias a Escoto de la obra poliana, y se discute en especial el voluntarismo escotísta que reduce el horizonte humano a su actividad esencial.

Este trabajo representa una búsqueda del rasgo negativo esencial que habría venido caracterizando a la actividad filosófica en nuestra cultura: una lucha sin tregua contra la estupidez humana, entendida en sentido profundo como fracaso de la inteligencia, un fracaso que sería sinónimo y compendio de maldad y de fealdad. Al mismo tiempo se atreve a pronosticar un futuro optimista para la filosofía, a pesar de todas las apariencias, por lo menos en la medida en que al estúpido le resultaría imposible (...) ser humanamente feliz. (shrink)

Este trabajo representa una búsqueda del rasgo negativo esencial que habría venido caracterizando a la actividad filosófica en nuestra cultura: una lucha sin tregua contra la estupidez humana, entendida en sentido profundo como fracaso de la inteligencia, un fracaso que sería sinónimo y compendio de maldad y de fealdad. Al mismo tiempo se atreve a pronosticar un futuro optimista para la filosofía, a pesar de todas las apariencias, por lo menos en la medida en que al estúpido le resultaría imposible (...) ser humanamente feliz. (shrink)

This document presents the Bonn PRINTEGER Consensus Statement: Working with Research Integrity—Guidance for research performing organisations. The aim of the statement is to complement existing instruments by focusing specifically on institutional responsibilities for strengthening integrity. It takes into account the daily challenges and organisational contexts of most researchers. The statement intends to make research integrity challenges recognisable from the work-floor perspective, providing concrete advice on organisational measures to strengthen integrity. The statement, which was concluded February 7th 2018, provides guidance on (...) the following key issues: § 1.Providing information about research integrity § 2.Providing education, training and mentoring § 3.Strengthening a research integrity culture § 4.Facilitating open dialogue § 5.Wise incentive management § 6.Implementing quality assurance procedures § 7.Improving the work environment and work satisfaction § 8.Increasing transparency of misconduct cases § 9.Opening up research § 10.Implementing safe and effective whistle-blowing channels § 11.Protecting the alleged perpetrators § 12.Establishing a research integrity committee and appointing an ombudsperson § 13.Making explicit the applicable standards for research integrity. (shrink)